Thermal Behavior During the Selective Laser Melting Process of Ti-6Al-4V Powder in the Point Exposure Scan Pattern

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - Currently, there are two main scan patterns, including the continuous exposure scan pattern and the point exposure scan pattern, during the selective...     

Design of switchable band‐notched frequency selective absorber

An active band‐notched frequency selective absorber (BNFSA) with switchable notch band is proposed in this article. The BNFSA is a two‐layer structure composed of a lossy layer at the top and a ground plane at the bottom, separated by an air spacer. The element of the lossy layer is a lumped‐resistor‐loaded metallic dipole with a parallel LC resonance structure, which is realized by complementary n‐shaped resonator (CnR) inserted in the center, and PIN diode is welded at two arms of CnR. The bias circuit printed on the back of the substrate of the lossy layer connects to anode and cathode of the diode by via hole and isolates by the inductor. Simulation results show that the notch bands are located at 4.50 and 6.81 GHz when the diode sets to ON and OFF, respectively. To validate the performance of switchable BNFSA, the prototypes are fabricated and measured, reasonable agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained.     

A novel coverless information hiding method based on the average pixel value of the sub-images

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In traditional information hiding methods, the secret information is embedded into the carriers, which will inevitably leave traces of modification on the...     

基于卷积神经网络优化TLD运动手势跟踪算法

针对TLD（Tracking-Learning-Detection）算法在光照变化不均、遮挡严重、跟踪目标模糊等情况下会出现跟踪失败的问题，提出一种基于卷积神经网络优化TLD运动手势跟踪算法。选取手势特征作正样本，其背景作负样本，获取手势HOG特征并投入到卷积神经网络中加以训练，得到手势检测分类器，从而确定目标手势区域，实现手势的自动识别；再利用TLD算法对手势进行跟踪与学习，对正负样本进行估计检测并实时校正，同时运用SURF特征匹配更新跟踪器。实验结果验证，该算法对比TLD经典算法跟踪精度提高了4.24%，增强了运动手势的跟踪效果，相比经典跟踪算法拥有更高鲁棒性。     

A dimensional reduction approach to modulate the core ruminal microbiome associated with methane emissions via selective breeding

The rumen is a complex microbial system of substantial importance in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and feed efficiency. This study proposes combining metagenomic and host genomic data for selective breeding of the cow hologenome toward reduced methane emissions. We analyzed nanopore long reads from the rumen metagenome of 437 Holstein cows from 14 commercial herds in 4 northern regions in Spain. After filtering, data were treated as compositional. The large complexity of the rumen microbiota was aggregated, through principal component analysis (PCA), into few principal components (PC) that were used as proxies of the core metagenome. The PCA allowed us to condense the huge and fuzzy taxonomical and functional information from the metagenome into a few PC. Bivariate animal models were applied using these PC and methane production as phenotypes. The variability condensed in these PC is controlled by the cow genome, with heritability estimates for the first PC of ~0.30 at all taxonomic levels, with a large probability (>83%) of the posterior distribution being >0.20 and with the 95% highest posterior density interval (95%HPD) not containing zero. Most genetic correlation estimates between PC1 and methane were large (≥0.70), with most of the posterior distribution (>82%) being >0.50 and with its 95%HPD not containing zero. Enteric methane production was positively associated with relative abundance of eukaryotes (protozoa and fungi) through the first component of the PCA at phylum, class, order, family, and genus. Nanopore long reads allowed the characterization of the core rumen metagenome using whole-metagenome sequencing, and the purposed aggregated variables could be used in animal breeding programs to reduce methane emissions in future generations.     

Electromagnetic torque detecting for optimization of in-mould electromagnetic stirring in the billet and bloom continuous casting

ABSTRACT

In this paper, an electromagnetic torque device based on the theoretical model was established to determine the optimum frequency accurately and conveniently in billet and bloom continuous casting with in-mould electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS). Magnetic characteristics with M-EMS was investigated by numerical simulation and physical experiment with the application of electromagnetic torque device and gauss meter. In addition, the effects of stirring frequency with M-EMS on macro segregation and equiaxed crystal ratio were compared and analysed for 55SiCr with 150?mm?×?150?mm billet caster and BU with 310?×?360?mm bloom caster by a series of plant trials, respectively. The results showed that maximum magnetic flux density and maximum electromagnetic torque occurred with different frequency and same current in M-EMS, and central equiaxed crystal ratio and macro segregation has been significantly improved by optimum frequency with M-EMS.     

Fabrication of hierarchical PANI@W-type barium hexaferrite composites for highly efficient microwave absorption

Hexagonal barium ferries is a promising and efficient microwave (MW) absorbing material, but the low dielectric loss and poor conductivity have limited their extensive applications. In this work, a simple tactic of coating conductive polymer PANI on hexaferrite BaCo₂Fe₁₆O₂₇ is presented, wherein the dielectric properties are customized, and more significantly, the electromagnetic loss is greatly enhanced. As displayed from structural characterizations, PANI were coated equably on the surface of hexaferrite grains by an in-situ polymerization process. The outcomes exhibit the as-prepared PANI@hexaferrite composite has remarkable electromagnetic wave absorption capacity. When the thickness is 6.0 mm, the minimal RL of ?40.4 dB was achieved at 2.9 GHz. The effective absorption bandwidth (RL < ?20 dB) of 0.65 GHz, 0.53 GHz, 0.65 GHz, 0.52 GHz, 0.46 GHz and 0.39 GHz was achieved separately when the thickness ranges from 4 to 9 mm. The highly efficient MW absorbing performance of PANI@hexaferrite composite were the consequence of multiple loss mechanisms and perfect impedance matching. It is demonstrated that the PANI@hexaferrite composite with excellent MW absorption performance is expected to be potential MW absorbers for extensive applications.     

Chemical bond characteristics and infrared reflectivity spectrum of a novel microwave dielectric ceramic CaIn2O4 with near-zero τf

Orthorhombic-structured CaIn₂O₄ ceramics with a space group Pca2₁ were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. A high relative density (95.6 %) and excellent microwave dielectric properties (ε_r ～11.28, Qf = 74,200 GHz, τ_f ～ ?4.6 ppm/°C) were obtained when the ceramics were sintered at 1375 °C for 6 h. The dielectric properties were investigated on the basis of the Phillips–Van Vechten–Levine chemical bond theory. Results indicated that the dielectric properties were mainly determined by the InO bonds in the CaIn₂O₄ ceramics. These bonds contributed more (74.65 %) to the dielectric constant than the CaO bonds (25.35 %). Furthermore, the intrinsic dielectric properties of the CaIn₂O₄ ceramics were investigated via infrared reflectivity spectroscopy. The extrapolated microwave dielectric properties were ε_r ～10.12 and Qf = 112,200 GHz. Results indicated that ion polarization is the main contributor to the dielectric constant in microwave frequency ranges.     

Hierarchical FeC/MnO2 composite with in-situ grown CNTs as an advanced trifunctional catalyst for water splitting and Metal−Air batteries

In high demand is developing trifunctional electrocatalysts to simultaneously drive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) for metal-air batteries and water splitting. Here we develop the carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-grafted FeC/MnO₂ nanocomposite catalyst by carbonizing FeMn metal-organic frameworks. The synergistic effect between FeC and MnO₂ dominantly contributes the ORR, OER, and HER. The transition metal-mediated growth of CNTs by an in-situ catalysis mechanism enables high electrical conductivity, abundant active sites, as well as efficient reaction pathways. The optimized chemical composite and unique hierarchical structure endow the FeC/MnO₂ with low overpotentials for multiply electrochemical reactions. Consequently, the composite catalyst successfully serves as the bifunctional electrode for water splitting with a voltage of 1.66 V at 10 mA cm^?2 as well as the cathode for all-solid-state metal-air battery with Pt/C-comparable performance. The advanced transition metal composite presented in this work provides the guidance for rationally developing trifunctional electrocatalysts for efficient integrated energy conversion systems.